|
Registered Cossacks ((ウクライナ語:''Реєстрові козаки, Rejestrovi kozaky''), (ポーランド語:Kozacy rejestrowi)) were warriors who were recorded in official registries as Cossacks. The registered Cossacks became one of the important social groups of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Some were culturally members of the Cossack community and others became recognized as such after being admitted to the registry. Registered Cossacks were a military formation of the Commonwealth army beginning in 1572〔 (Registered Cassacks at the Handbook of the History of Ukraine )〕 soon after the Union of Lublin, when most territory of modern Ukraine was passed to the Crown of Poland. Registered Cossack formations were based on the Zaporozhian Cossacks that already existed at the lower reaches of the Dnieper River amidst the Pontic steppes as well as self-defense formations within settlements in the region of modern Central and Southern Ukraine. == History == Historically, the first official plan for the creation of Cossack formations as a border service was brought to the State Council of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in 1524 by Semen Polozovic and Kristof Kmitic. However, due to the lack of funds, the idea was not realized. The starosta of Cherkasy, Ostap Dashkevych, revived the idea at the 1533 council in Piotrków Trybunalski. Dashkevych tried to show that in order to protect the borders beyond the Dnieper it would be necessary to maintain an army of 2,000 soldiers and several hundred cavalrymen. He pointed out the importance of establishing forts on the river's islands to keep Tatar raids in check. On July 21, 1541 the King of Poland, Sigismund I the Old, issued an edict to the starosta of Cherkasy, Andrei Glebovich Pronsky (?-1557, a descendant of the Pronsk princes),〔(РЮРИКОВИЧІ. ПРОНСЬКА ДИНАСТІЯ (Rurikid. Pronsk branch) ). litopys.org.ua〕 in which he strictly warned Pronsky to control the Cossack raids against Tatar uluses. With the start of the Livonian War in the 16th century, the voivode of Kiev, Konstanty Wasyl Ostrogski, and the starosta of Cherkasy, Alexander Wisnowecki, recruited Cossacks to their armies, while in 1568 King Sigismund II Augustus sent a proposition to the Zaporizhian Sich to join his foreign campaign and sign up for royal service. Sigismund II Augustus decreed the formation of registered Cossacks on June 5, 1572〔 when the King confirmed the orders of Great Crown Hetman Jerzy Jazłowiecki, the voivode of Podole and Ruthenia, for state service.〔 (Реєстрові козаки на державній службі (with reference to Sherbak,V. ''History of Ukrainian Cossacks: outlines in two volumes''. Publishing house "Kiev-Mohyla Academy". Vol.1. Kiev, 2006. p.800) )〕 The first Hetman of the Registered Cossacks and court marshal was Jan Badowski.〔 The registered Cossacks were the only military Cossack formation recognized by the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Registered Cossacks」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|